как правильно оформить справку о доходах — ДомКлик

 

Чтобы получить ипотеку, нужно подтвердить банку свой доход. Обычно для этого достаточно взять у работодателя справку. Но это нужно не всегда, да и справки бывают разные. А еще, если вы ИП или пенсионер, подтверждать доход надо будет по-другому. На всякий случай прочитайте эту статью, чтобы оформить всё быстро и правильно с первого раза.   

Когда справка не нужна

Если вы зарплатный клиент Сбербанка, подтверждать доход не нужно. Банк и так видит регулярные начисления от вашего работодателя, с которым у него есть договор. То же самое, если вы получаете пенсию или другие выплаты от государства на счет в Сбербанке.

Но здесь есть несколько исключений. Если вы недавно меняли карту, переводились из одной организации в другую или у вас есть работа по совместительству — тогда, возможно, придется все-таки подтвердить доход и оформить справку.  

Как подтвердить зарплату? 

Сделать это можно, предоставив справку от работодателя. Есть три вида справок, которые принимают банки:

1

2-НДФЛ или справка о доходах физического лица

Аббревиатура НДФЛ расшифровывается как «налог на доходы физических лиц». Форма 2-НДФЛ была разработана для того, чтобы организации подавали данные о доходах и перечисленных налогах за своих сотрудников в налоговую инспекцию.

Потом справку стали использовать для получения кредитов, оформления виз, получения налоговых вычетов или даже усыновления. В общем, для случаев, когда нужно подтвердить официальный доход и понять, сколько налогов за человека перечислил работодатель.

Чтобы оформить ипотеку, нужно предоставить справку 2-НДФЛ минимум за последние полгода. Ее достаточно просто попросить у работодателя: обычно в бухгалтерии или отделе кадров. Причем можно даже не говорить, зачем нужна справка. По закону отказать вам не могут, и тут не важно количество — попросить можно сколько угодно справок. Оформить справку работодатель по Трудовому кодексу должен в течение 3 рабочих дней. Она будет действовать месяц.

Перед тем, как отдавать справку в банк, проверьте, правильно ли она заполнена. Есть несколько частых ошибок, из-за которых документы приходится переделывать. Проверьте, все ли в порядке:

✓

Имена, фамилии и отчества нужно указать во всех полях полностью, как в паспорте и без сокращений.

✓

Реквизиты паспорта написаны правильно.

✓

Должен быть указан телефон организации.

✓

Поля «Признак», «в ИФНС код», «номер корректировки» заполнены. Посмотрите, не забыл ли работодатель прописать одно из них. 

✓

В справке должен быть указан документ, на основании которого справку подписал уполномоченный сотрудник, если это не директор. Например, доверенность на главного бухгалтера.

✓

Ставить печать на справку 2-НДФЛ не обязательно. Но если она есть, то должна легко читаться.

^{Справку можно заполнить от руки. Главное, в ней не должно быть исправлений и дописок}

2

Справка по форме банка

Такую справку тоже нужно предоставить за полгода. Если вас за это время переводили (например, была реорганизация или у компании поменялось название), то нужно заполнить 2 справки: с прошлого и текущего мест работы. Справка действительна 30 дней.

Форма банка намного проще, чем 2-НДФЛ, но здесь также есть несколько моментов, которые нужно проверить после заполнения:

✓

Если справка выдается военному, то адрес и телефон войсковой части можно не указывать.

✓

В справке должен быть указан среднемесячный доход, а не сумма за 6 месяцев. Он должен совпадать с тем доходом, который вы указали в ипотечной анкете.

Скачать справку

3

Справка по форме госучреждения

Некоторые государственные организации не оформляют справки по форме 2-НДФЛ, например, из-за секретности. В этом случае можно предоставить справку по форме госучреждения. Она составляется на бланке учреждения или в виде документа с угловым штампом. Срок ее действия 30 дней. 

В такой справке должны быть прописаны:

✓

ФИО работника, должность и стаж

✓

Полное наименование госучреждения или номер войсковой части

✓

Адрес (можно не указывать для войсковых частей)

✓

Телефон учреждения

✓

Среднемесячный или общий доход за последние 6 месяцев, а также среднемесячные или суммарные удержания 

✓

Подпись бухгалтера или того, кто выполняет его функцию, расшифровка подписи и печать учреждения 

Я получаю пенсию. Как мне подтвердить доход?

Пенсионный доход подтвердит справка за последний месяц из отделения Пенсионного фонда или МФЦ. Причем дополнительно можно учесть и другую пенсию, например, по инвалидности, или за выслугу лет. В справке должны быть: 

✓

Вид и размер выплаты за последний месяц

✓

Кто его перечисляет. Например, Пенсионный фонд России

✓

Почтовый адрес и телефон организации

✓

ФИО, должность и подпись лица, отвечающего за выплаты и печать 

Я ИП. Что скажете?

Тогда доход подтвердит ваша налоговая декларация с отметкой из налоговой. Здесь есть три случая:

1

Если декларацию вы подавали в налоговую лично, то на ней есть отметка о принятии. Тогда все ок — просто несем ее в банк.

2

Если вы подавали декларацию в налоговую по почте, то дополнительно в банк нужно предоставить извещение об отправке. Вам его должны дать при отправке.

3

А если декларация подана через сайт Федеральной налоговой службы или Госуслуг — то дополнительно нужно извещение о получении электронного документа. Кстати, при электронной подаче декларацию для предоставления в банк нужно распечатать, на первой странице указать свой телефон и на каждой странице проставить дату и подпись. 

Еще есть нюансы с видом налога. Если это ЕНВД — единый налог на вмененный доход, то есть фиксированный поквартальный налог, то декларация предоставляется за последние два квартала. А если упрощенная система налогообложения, когда раз в год перечисляется процент с дохода или прибыли, то декларация предоставляется за последний год. 

Я работаю по договору ГПХ. Могу подтвердить такой доход? 

Доход по договорам гражданско-правового характера (ГПХ), например по договору подряда, тоже можно подтвердить. Для этого предоставьте этот договор, а также справку 2-НДФЛ, если налоги перечисляла за вас организация-заказчик. Справку при таком доходе нужно предоставить за последние 12 месяцев. Действовать она будет, как и остальные, месяц.

Если вы сами платили налоги, то  нужно предоставить копию налоговой декларации 3‑НДФЛ за прошедший год с отметкой о получении или извещением. 

---

Еще несколько полезных статей

Как проверить свою кредитную историю

Как подать заявку на ипотеку

Поздравляем, вам одобрили ипотеку! Что дальше?

Спасибо за ваш отзыв

Была ли эта статья полезна?

Да, полезна

Нет

90000 Income Statement | Example | Template | Format 90001
90002 What is an Income Statement? 90003
90004 The income statement, also called the profit and loss statement, is a report that shows the income, expenses, and resulting profits or losses of a company during a specific time period. The income statement is the first financial statement typically prepared during the accounting cycle because the net income or loss must be calculated and carried over to the statement of owner’s equity before other financial statements can be prepared.90005
90004 The income statement calculates the net income of a company by subtracting total expenses from total income. This calculation shows investors and creditors the overall profitability of the company as well as how efficiently the company is at generating profits from total revenues. 90005
90004 The income and expense accounts can also be subdivided to calculate gross profit and the income or loss from operations. These two calculations are best shown on a multi-step income statement.Gross profit is calculated by subtracting cost of goods sold from net sales. Operating income is calculated by subtracting operating expenses from the gross profit. 90005
90004 Unlike the balance sheet, the income statement calculates net income or loss over a range of time. For example annual statements use revenues and expenses over a 12-month period, while quarterly statements focus on revenues and expenses incurred during a 3-month period. 90005
90012
90002 Income Statement Purpose 90003
90015 What is an Income Statement Used For? 90016
90004 It’s important to note that there are several different types of income statements that are created for different reasons.For example, the year-end statement that is prepared annually for stockholders and potential investors does not do much good for management while they are trying to run the company throughout the year. Thus, interim financial statements are prepared for management to check the status of operations during the year. Management also typically prepares departmental statements that break down revenue and expense numbers by business segment. 90005
90004 In the end, the main purpose of all profit and loss statements is to communicate the profitability and business activities of the company with end users.Each one of these end users has their own use for this information. Let’s look at who uses the P & L and what they use it for. 90005
90012
90015 Who Uses an Income Statement? 90016
90004 There are two different groups of people who use this financial statement: internal users and external users. 90005
90004 Internal users like company management and the board of directors use this statement to analyze the business as a whole and make decisions on how it is run. For example, they use performance numbers to gauge whether they should open new branch, close a department, or increase production of a product.90005
90004 External users like investors and creditors, on the other hand, are people outside of the company who have no source of financial information about the company except published reports. Investors want to know how profitable a company is and whether it will grow and become more profitable in the future. They are mainly concerned with whether or not investing their money is the company with yield them a positive return. 90005
90004 Creditors, on the other hand, are not as concerned about profitability as investors are.Creditors are more concerned with a company’s cash flow and if they are generating enough income to pay back their loans. 90005
90004 Competitors are also external users of financial statements. They use competitors ‘P & L to gauge how well other companies are doing in their space and whether or not they should enter new markets and try to compete with other companies. 90005
90012
90002 Income Statement Format 90003
90004 There are two income statement formats that are generally prepared.90005
90004 90040 Single-step income statement 90041 — the single step statement only shows one category of income and one category of expenses. This format is less useful of external users because they can not calculate many efficiency and profitability ratios with this limited data. 90005
90004 90040 Multi-step income statement 90041 — the multi-step statement separates expense accounts into more relevant and usable accounts based on their function. Cost of goods sold, operating and non-operating expenses are separated out and used to calculate gross profit, operating income, and net income.90005
90004 In both income statement formats, revenues are always presented before expenses. Expenses can be listed alphabetically or by total dollar amount. Either presentation is acceptable. 90005
90004 P & L expenses can also be formatted by the nature and the function of the expense. 90005
90004 All income statements have a heading that display’s the company name, title of the statement and the time period of the report. For example, an annual income statement issued by Paul’s Guitar Shop, Inc.would have the following heading: 90005
90053
90054 Paul’s Guitar Shop, Inc. 90055
90054 Income Statement 90055
90054 For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 90 055
90060
90012
90002 Income Statement Example 90003
90004 Here is an example of how to prepare an income statement from Paul’s adjusted trial balance in our earlier accounting cycle examples. 90005
90015 Single Step Income Statement 90016
90004 90069 90005
90004 As you can see, this example income statement is a single-step statement because it only lists expenses in one main category.Although this statement might not be extremely useful for investors looking for detailed information, it does accurately calculate the net income for the year. 90005
90004 This net income calculation can be transferred to Paul’s statement of owner’s equity for preparation. 90005
90012
90002 Common Income Statement Questions 90003
90004 90040 What is considered an expense on the income statement? 90041 90005
90004 Expenses are outlays of resources for goods or services. These costs include wages, depreciation, and interest expense among others.They are reported on several sections of the income statement. Cost of goods sold expenses are reported in the gross profit reporting section while the operating expenses are reported in the operations section. Other expenses are reported further down the statement in the other gains and losses section. 90005
90004 90040 How do you calculate the income statement? 90041 90005
90004 The income statement is used to calculate the net income of a business. The P & L formula is Revenues — Expenses = Net Income.This is a simple equation that shows the profitability of a company. If revenue is higher than expenses, the company is profitable. If revenue is lower than expenses, the company is unprofitable. 90005
90004 90040 What is a multi step income statement? 90041 90005
90004 A multi-step statement splits the business activities into operating and non-operating categories. The operating section includes sales, cost of goods sold, and all selling and admin expenses. The non-operating section includes other income or expenses like interest or insurance proceeds.90005
90004 90040 How do you make an income statement? 90041 90005
90004 Creating an income statement is fairly easy. Simply follow these steps: 90005
90102 90054 Determine the Time Period 90055 90054 Transfer Income Accounts for Trial Balance into our template 90055 90054 Transfer Expense Accounts for Trial Balance into our template 90055 90054 Transfer Other Gains and Losses 90055 90054 Calculate the Net Income 90055 90113 90004 Use one of our templates to list the sales, expenses, and other gains or losses in the correct format.At the bottom of the statement, compute the net income for the company. 90005
90012
90004 90005
.90000 How to Prepare an Income Statement 90001

90002 An income statement contains information about a company’s revenues and expenses and the resulting net income. 90003
90002 Net income is computed by deducting all expenses from all revenues. It is the primary measure of the company’s ability to make money. 90003

90002 In this tutorial, we will prepare an income statement of a sole proprietorship service-type business using information from previous lessons. We will be using the adjusted trial balance from this lesson: Adjusted Trial Balance.If you want, you may take a look at how an income statement looks like here before we proceed. 90003
90002 When you’re ready, let’s begin. 90003
90010 Step 1: Gather the necessary information 90011
90002 In an accounting system, the best tool to take information from would be the «adjusted trial balance». This is the most updated trial balance (i.e. prepared after considering adjustments to several accounts). In any case, any report that shows a complete listing of company accounts can be used.90003
90002 Let’s take the adjusted trial balance of 90015 Gray Electronic Repair Services 90016. 90003

90018
90019
90020 90021 Gray Electronic Repair Services 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 Adjusted Trial Balance 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 December 31, 2019 90022 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Account Title 90023
90038 90023
90038 Debit 90023
90038 90023
90038 Credit 90023
90024
90019
90038 Cash 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 7,480.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Accounts Receivable 90023
90038 90023
90038 3,700.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Service Supplies 90023
90038 90023
90038 600.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Furniture and Fixtures 90023
90038 90023
90038 3,000.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Service Equipment 90023
90038 90023
90038 16,000.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Accumulated Depreciation 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 720.00 90023
90024
90019
90038 Accounts Payable 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 9,000.00 90023
90024
90019
90038 Utilities Payable 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 1,800.00 90023
90024
90019
90038 Loans Payable 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 12,000.00 90023
90024
90019
90038 Mr. Gray, Capital 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 13,200.00 90023
90024
90019
90038 Mr. Gray, Drawing 90023
90038 90023
90038 7,000.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Service Revenue 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 9,850.00 90023
90024
90019
90038 Rent Expense 90023
90038 90023
90038 1,500.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Salaries Expense 90023
90038 90023
90038 3,500.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Taxes and Licenses 90023
90038 90023
90038 370.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Utilities Expense 90023
90038 90023
90038 1,800.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024

90019
90038 Service Supplies Expense 90023
90038 90023
90038 900.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Depreciation Expense 90023
90038 90023
90038 720.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 Totals 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 46,570.00 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 46,570.00 90023
90024
90289

90010 Step 2: Start by making the heading 90011
90002 The heading of a financial statement is made up of three lines. The first line contains the name of the company (Gray Electronic Repair Services).The second line shows the title of the report (Income Statement). And the third line indicates the period reported. 90003
90002 For income statements, we use 90015 For the Year Ended … 90016, 90015 For the Quarter Ended … 90016, 90015 For the Month Ended … 90016, etc., depending on the period covered in the report. Nonetheless, some annual income statements omit the 90015 «For the Year Ended» 90016 phrase. 90003

90018
90019
90306 90021 Gray Electronic Repair Services 90022 90023
90024
90019
90306 90021 Income Statement 90022 90023
90024
90019
90306 90021 For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 90022 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90289

90010 Step 3: Report all revenue accounts 90011
90002 From the trial balance, we will look for and report all income or revenue accounts.You will need to be familiar with different income accounts such as Service Revenue, Sales, Professional Fees, Interest Income, etc. If you need a review on that topic, you may visit this lesson: Elements of Accounting. 90003
90002 In the adjusted trial balance above, there is only one revenue account — 90015 Service Revenue 90016. 90003

90018
90019
90020 90021 Gray Electronic Repair Services 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 Income Statement 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 90022 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90374 Service Revenue 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 9,850 90023
90024
90289

90002 90015 Note: If there are multiple revenue accounts, you need to list them down and take the sum total of all revenues.90016 90003
90010 Step 4: Report all expense accounts 90011
90002 From the adjusted trial balance again, we will take all expenses and include them in the report. Once they are all listed, we will get the sum of all the expenses. 90003

90018
90019
90020 90021 Gray Electronic Repair Services 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 Income Statement 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 90022 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90374 Service Revenue 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 9,850 90023
90024
90019
90430 Less: Operating Expenses 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Salaries Expense 90023
90038 $ 3,500 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Utilities Expense 90023
90038 1,800 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Rent Expense 90023
90038 1,500 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Service Supplies Expense 90023
90038 900 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Depreciation Expense 90023
90038 720 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Taxes and Licences 90023
90038 370 90023
90038 90023
90038 8,790 90023
90024
90289

90002 It is a good practice to list the expenses from highest to lowest 90015 whenever possible 90016.This allows better analysis of company expenses. 90003
90002 Drawing a horizontal line means that a mathematical operation has been performed. The line after 370 indicates that we took the sum of all expenses which amounts to 8,790. The total amount of expenses is aligned with the total amount of revenues. 90003
90010 Step 5: Compute for the net income 90011
90002 Net income is equal to total revenues minus total expenses. 90003

90018
90019
90020 90021 Gray Electronic Repair Services 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 Income Statement 90022 90023
90024
90019
90020 90021 For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 90022 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90374 Service Revenue 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 9,850 90023
90024
90019
90430 Less: Operating Expenses 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Salaries Expense 90023
90038 $ 3,500 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Utilities Expense 90023
90038 1,800 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Rent Expense 90023
90038 1,500 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Service Supplies Expense 90023
90038 900 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Depreciation Expense 90023
90038 720 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90024
90019
90038 90023
90038 Taxes and Licences 90023
90038 370 90023
90038 90023
90038 8,790 90023
90024
90019
90430 Net Income 90023
90038 90023
90038 90023
90038 $ 1,060 90023
90024
90289

90002 Again, we drew a single line under 8,790 to indicate that a mathematical operation was made.Two horizontal lines are drawn under the final amount (1,060 net income). This is known as «double-rule» and is similar to enclosing the final answers in a box or circle in your math test. 90003
90002 So there you go. The preparation is somewhat easy — you just need to be familiar with the different revenue and expense accounts. 90003
90010 Some Important Notes 90011
90002 This is a simplified illustration of preparing an income statement. Income tax expense was not considered in the above example.The treatment of income taxes depends upon the applicable laws of the state or country. Nonetheless, if the company is subject to income tax, the income tax expense should be deducted to get the net income. Since income tax expense is based on income, we need to get the income before tax first. 90003
90002 Total Revenues — Total Operating Expenses = Income Before Tax 90663 Income Before Tax — Income Tax Expense = Net Income 90003
90002 Also, the income statements of merchandising and manufacturing businesses will look a little different from the above example.90015 Gross Profit 90016 is computed before deducting the operating expenses. Gross profit is equal to 90015 Sales 90016 minus 90015 Cost of Sales 90016. 90003

.90000 Understanding an Income Statement (Definition and Examples) 90001 90002 How profitable is your business? The only way to really know is to create an income statement. 90003
90002 Here’s how to put one together, how to read one, and why income statements are so important to running your business. 90003
90006 What is an income statement? 90007
90002 An income statement is a financial statement that shows you how profitable your business was over a given reporting period. It shows your revenue, minus your expenses and losses.90003
90002 Also sometimes called a «net income statement» or a «statement of earnings», the income statement is one of the three most important financial statements in financial accounting, along with the balance sheet and the cash flow statement (or statement of cash flows ). 90003
90002 Small businesses typically start producing income statements when a bank or investor wants to see how profitable their business is. 90003
90002 When a business makes an income statement for internal use only, they’ll sometimes refer to it as a «profit and loss statement» (or P & L).90003
90006 Income statement example 90007
90002 Here’s an income statement we’ve created for a hypothetical small business-Coffee Roaster Enterprises Inc., a small hobbyist coffee roastery. 90003
90002 90021 Coffee Roaster Enterprises Inc. 90022 90003
90002 Income Statement 90003
90002 For Year Ended Dec. 31, 2018 90003
90028
90029
90030
90031 Category 90032
90031 Amount 90032
90035
90036
90037
90030
90039 Sales Revenue 90040
90039 $ 57,050.68 90040
90035
90030
90039 Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) 90040
90039 $ 24,984.79 90040
90035
90030
90039 90021 Gross Profit 90022 90040
90039 90021 $ 32,101.89 90022 90040
90035
90030
90061
90061
90035
90030
90039 General Expenses 90040
90039 $ 11,049.55 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Rent 90040
90039 $ 9,000.00 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Bank & ATM Fee Expenses 90040
90039 $ 9.43 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Equipment Expenses 90040
90039 $ 742.40 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Marketing Expenses 90040
90039 $ 503.53 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Merchant Fees Expenses 90040
90039 $ 794.19 90040
90035
90030
90061
90061
90035
90030
90039 Operating Earnings 90040
90039 $ 21,052.34 90040
90035
90030
90039 Interest Expense 90040
90039 $ 5,000.00 90040
90035
90030
90039 Earnings Before Income Tax 90040
90039 $ 16,052.34 90040
90035
90030
90039 Income Tax Expense 90040
90039 $ 10,000.00 90040
90035
90030
90039 90021 Net Profit 90022 90040
90039 90021 $ 6,052.34 90022 90040
90035
90138
90139
90002 Income statements are designed to be read top to bottom, so let’s go through each line, starting from the top.90003
90002 90021 Further reading: 90022 How to Read (and Understand) an Income Statement 90003
90146 Sales revenue 90147
90002 Every income statement begins with your company’s revenues. 90003
90002 How you calculate this figure will depend on whether or not you do cash or accrual accounting and how your company recognizes revenue, especially if you’re just calculating revenue for a single month. 90003
90002 Generally speaking, this figure will simply represent your total revenue for whatever time period the income statement is covering.(In this case, the time period is the year ending on December 31, 2018.) 90003

90146 Cost of goods sold 90147
90002 Often shortened to «COGS,» this is how much it cost to produce all of the goods or services you sold to your customers. 90003
90002 COGS only involves direct expenses like raw materials, labour and shipping costs. If you roast and sell coffee like Coffee Roaster Enterprises, for example, this might include the cost of raw coffee beans, wages, and packaging. 90003
90002 Indirect expenses like utilities, bank fees and rent are not included in COGS-we put those in a separate category.90003
90146 Gross profit 90147
90002 This is what you get when you subtract total COGS from revenue. Gross profit tells you how profitable your business is after taking into account direct costs, but before taking into account overhead costs. It’s a rough measure of how efficient your business is. 90003
90146 General expenses 90147
90002 Also sometimes referred to as «operating expenses,» these include rent, bank & ATM fee expenses, equipment expenses, marketing & advertising expenses, merchant fees, and any other expenses you need to make to keep your business going.90003
90002 These expenses are listed individually here, but some income statements will bundle these and other similar expenses together into one broad category called «Selling, General & Administrative Expenses» (SG & A). 90003
90146 Operating earnings 90147
90002 This is how profitable your business is after taking into account all internal costs, which you have more control over, but before taking into account external costs like loan interest payments and taxes, which you have less control over.90003
90002 Accountants will sometimes call this Operating Profit or Operating Income. 90003
90146 Interest expense 90147
90002 If your business owes someone money, it probably has to make monthly interest payments. Your interest expenses are the total interest payments your business made to its creditors for the period covered by the income statement. 90003
90146 Earnings before income tax 90147
90002 This is your business’s profitability before it pays its taxes. 90003
90146 Income tax expense 90147
90002 This is how much you paid Uncle Sam.90003
90146 Net profit 90147
90002 Ever wonder where we get the expression «bottom line» from? This is it! This is the final, total profit for your business. 90003
90006 Income statement template 90007
90002 You do not need fancy accounting software or an accounting degree to create an income statement. Our expert bookkeepers here at Bench have built an Income Statement template in Excel that you can use to turn your business ‘financial information into an Income Statement. 90003
90006 What is a single-step income statement? 90007
90002 The income statement we showed you above is technically called a «multi-step» income statement, because you have to perform multiple calculations in order to arrive at your final net income.(In this case, we calculated gross profit, then subtracted general expenses, then subtracted interest, and income tax expenses.) 90003
90002 A 90021 single-step income statement 90022 is a little more straightforward. It adds up your total revenue, then subtracts your total expenses to get your net income. Simple. 90003
90002 Here’s an example single-step income statement we created for another hypothetical company, Dead Simple Coffee Inc .: 90003
90002 90021 Dead Simple Coffee Inc. 90022 90003
90002 Income Statement 90003
90002 For Year Ended Dec.31, 2018 90003
90028
90029
90030
90031 Category 90032
90031 Amount 90032
90035
90036
90037
90030
90039 90021 Revenues and Gains 90022 90040
90061
90035
90030
90039 Sales revenue 90040
90039 $ 57,833.72 90040
90035
90030
90039 Capital gains 90040
90039 $ 4,477.34 90040
90035
90030
90039 Total revenues and gains 90040
90039 $ 62,311.06 90040
90035
90030
90039 90021 Expenses and Losses 90022 90040
90061
90035
90030
90039 Cost of goods sold (COGS) 90040
90039 $ 22,276.72 90040
90035
90030
90039 Rent 90040
90039 $ 8,299.22 90040
90035
90030
90039 Bank & ATM Fees 90040
90039 $ 21.83 90040
90035
90030
90039 Equipment expenses 90040
90039 $ 987.82 90040
90035
90030
90039 Marketing and Advertising expenses 90040
90039 $ 1,387.22 90040
90035
90030
90039 Interest expense 90040
90039 $ 4,538.34 90040
90035
90030
90039 Income tax expense 90040
90039 $ 13,900.22 90040
90035
90030
90039 Total expenses and losses 90040
90039 $ 51,411.37 90040
90035
90030
90061
90061
90035
90030
90039 90021 Net income 90022 90040
90039 90021 $ 10,899.69 90022 90040
90035
90138
90139
90002 The single-step format is useful for getting a snapshot of your company’s profitability, and not much else, which is why it’s not as common as the multi-step income statement. But if you’re looking for a super simple method of calculating your business ‘profitability, single-step is the way to go. 90003
90006 What is a common size income statement? 90007
90002 Common size income statements include an additional column of data which summarizes each line item as a percentage of your total revenue.90003
90002 For example, here’s the income statement for Coffee Roaster Enterprises Inc. we mentioned earlier, done up as a common size income statement: 90003
90002 90021 Coffee Roaster Enterprises Inc. 90022 90003
90002 Income Statement 90003
90002 For Year Ended Dec. 31, 2018 90003
90028
90029
90030
90031 Category 90032
90031 Amount 90032
90031 Percent 90032
90035
90036
90037
90030
90039 Sales Revenue 90040
90039 $ 57,050.68 90040
90039 100.00% 90040
90035
90030
90039 Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) 90040
90039 $ 24,984.79 90040
90039 43.79% 90040
90035
90030
90039 90021 Gross Profit 90022 90040
90039 $ 32,101.99 90040
90039 56.27% 90040
90035
90030
90061
90061
90061
90035
90030
90039 General Expenses 90040
90039 $ 11,049.55 90040
90039 19.37% 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Rent 90040
90039 $ 9,000.00 90040
90039 15.77% 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Bank & ATM Fee Expenses 90040
90039 $ 9.43 90040
90039 0.01% 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Equipment Expenses 90040
90039 $ 742.40 90040
90039 1.30% 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Marketing Expenses 90040
90039 $ 503.53 90040
90039 0.88% 90040
90035
90030
90039 * Merchant Fees Expenses 90040
90039 $ 794.19 90040
90039 1.39% 90040
90035
90030
90061
90061
90061
90035
90030
90039 Operating Earnings 90040
90039 $ 21,052.44 90040
90039 36.90% 90040
90035
90030
90039 Interest Expense 90040
90039 $ 5,000.00 90040
90039 8.76% 90040
90035
90030
90039 Earnings Before Income Tax 90040
90039 $ 16,052.44 90040
90039 28.14% 90040
90035
90030
90039 Income Tax Expense 90040
90039 $ 10,000.00 90040
90039 17.53% 90040
90035
90030
90039 90021 Net Profit 90022 90040
90039 $ 6,052.44 90040
90039 10.60% 90040
90035
90138
90139
90002 Common size income statements make it easier to compare trends and changes in your business. 90003
90002 For example: if your Operating Earnings change from $ 21,052.44 to $ 23,443.33, that might not tell you much by itself, because other numbers might have changed as well.But if your Operating Earnings increase from 36.90% to 44.23%, that’s a concrete, significant change in your business. 90003

90006 Income statement vs. balance sheet: what’s the difference? 90007
90002 A balance sheet shows you how much you have (assets), how much you owe (liabilities), and how much is left over (equity). It’s a snapshot of your whole business as it stands at a specific point in time. 90003
90002 An income statement describes how profitable your business is. It shows you how much money flowed into and out of your business over a certain period of time.90003
90002 Further reading: Income Statements vs. Balance Sheets 90003.90000 Budget 101: How to Make a Personal Income Statement 90001 By CompareHero.my February 22 2017 90002 90002 90004 90004 90002 90007 90008 90007 Many of us know that it is smart to keep track of our finances and have insight into how and where we are spending our money, but how many of us actually do it? Where do you start? Over the course of this series, we will introduce you to a few straightforward financial concepts that will help you get a grip on your finances.So, for everyone who is slightly scared to take a look at their bank balance, by all means, keep reading. 90008 90007 In most countries, publicly listed companies are required to produce three financial statements as part of their accounting disclosure. These financial statements are the Income Statement, the Statement of Financial Position (commonly known as the Balance Sheet), and the Cash Flow Statement. In this first part of the series, we will explain the Income Statement and explain how you can personally use it to gain more insight into where your money is coming from and where it is going.90008 90007 To show you how to use an Income Statement for your personal use, we are going to follow a regular guy, let’s call him Aiman. Aiman ​​is 29 years old and works as a sales executive at a major bank. He recently met a nice girl who really loves for Aiman ​​to take her shopping. He really likes her, but with all that shopping going on, he is unsure if he can afford to keep dating her. 90008 90007 To ease his mind, Aiman ​​wants to gain a little more insight into what his biggest expenses are.By a stroke of luck, he found an interesting article online about how to make a personal income statement. According to the article, an income statement can be divided into three parts: income, expenses and net profits. 90008 90017 Income 90018 90007 90008 90007 For Aiman ​​to construct an income statement for the month of January, he first has to determine how much money he has from his various sources of income. Most personal income is obtained through either wages you receive for work, rent you receive from owning property, interest you receive from savings, government benefits or dividends / capital gains from your investments.Sounds straightforward enough! After a bout of number crunching, Aiman ​​comes up with the following information. 90008 90023 90024 From his job, he earns a base salary of RM32,000 annually after taxes, RM2,667 per month. 90025 90024 As a sales executive, Aiman ​​makes most of his money from commissions on sales. He can trace back RM18,000 worth of commissions earned in January. 90025 90024 Aiman ​​has to travel a lot for his work and therefore receives a monthly travel allowance from his employer worth RM600.90025 90024 He receives an end-of-year bonus equal to one month’s salary, worth RM4,167. 90025 90024 He receives annual dividend pay-outs of RM5 per share on his 30 stocks in Apple. He owned the stocks throughout the year, and therefore realised no capital gains. 90025 90024 He does not rent out any property. 90025 90036 90007 In the income statement, a lump sum source of income or expense has to be spread out over the months that have contributed to it. For example, an end-of-year bonus that Aiman ​​has worked for all year has to be spread out over all 12 months, because he actually worked for that bonus during all 12 months.Similarly, the payment of a personal liability insurance that covers him for six months has to be spread out over those same months, because he might pay only one time, but he is ensured for all six months. 90008 90007 With this information, he is able to construct the first piece of the Income Statement, the income section. 90008 90041 90042 90043 90044 90045 Income in January 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Monthly Salary 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 2667 90047 90048 90043 90050 Sales Commissions 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1500 90047 90048 90043 90050 Travel Allowance 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 600 90047 90048 90043 90050 Monthly Bonus 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 222 90047 90048 90043 90050 Monthly Dividends 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 13 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90048 90043 90050 90045 Total monthly income 90046 90047 90050 90045 RM 90046 90047 90050 90045 5002 90046 90047 90048 90108 90109 90007 Aiman’s total monthly income of RM5,002 does not mean that Aiman’s bank account will increase by that amount in January.The purpose of an income statement is to determine if you have a combination of income and expenses that are profitable. It is not meant to give you any insight about your cash balance. If for example, you wanted to know if next month you have enough funds for a large purchase that you do not usually make, you will be better off by constructing a personal Cash Flow Statement, which we will explain in the third part of this series. 90008 90017 Expenses 90018 90007 90008 90007 After Aiman ​​has listed all his sources of income, he has to make a list of all his expenses during the month.He has to go through his debit and credit card history for the month and relate each withdrawal or charge to the expense that it relates to. He only has to list the ones where the good or service was consumed or used in the month of January, otherwise, the expense would relate to a different month. For example, a bill he paid in January for the electricity bill of December should not be listed on the Income Statement of January but on the one for December. 90008 This may seem like a bother, but once you have done it 2-3 times you’ll start to remember the amounts and you can realistically estimate any given expense category for the month.Some banks give you extra insight into your debit card history and will allocate your withdrawals to a category automatically. Check out your online banking account and see if your bank does this, it can save you a lot of work, for instance, the M2U Planner via Maybank2u. If not, go over here and install one of the budgeting apps to help you sort your expenses into categories. 90007 90008 90007 Aiman ​​comes up with the following list: 90008 90023 90024 His total expenses on food and groceries for the month was RM1,300.90025 90024 In December, he paid RM1,500 rent for the month of January. 90025 90024 in November, he paid for an all-risk liability insurance coverage for the next 6 months, worth RM300. 90025 90024 In October, he paid for a 12-month Gym membership, which cost him RM1,440. 90025 90024 In January, he used cabs 20 times, which gave him credit card charges worth RM600. 90025 90024 His girlfriend used his credit card for shopping 12 times, for combined credit card charges of roughly RM1,400. 90025 90024 He paid for his Netflix subscription in January, which was RM50.90025 90024 He was credited for RM85 to pay for his Postpaid mobile plan for the month of January. 90025 90024 He made a monthly payment to pay off his student loans worth RM250. 90025 90024 He had incidental expenses worth RM500. 90025 90036 90007 With this information, Aiman ​​is able to construct the second part of the income statement, the expense section. As mentioned before, lump sum payments that are a combination of monthly payments need to be divided and traced to the month you consumed the good or service.For example, the insurance payment in November, or the gym membership payment in October have been paid in other months, but they grant you access to a good or service in January. The cost associated with that access should, therefore, be allocated to January. 90008 90023 90024 Insurance: RM300 / 6 months = RM50 90025 90024 Gym Membership: RM1,440 / 12 months = RM120 90025 90036 90041 90042 90043 90044 90045 Expenses in January 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Food / Groceries Expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,300 90047 90048 90043 90050 Rent Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,500 90047 90048 90043 90050 Insurance Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 50 90047 90048 90043 90050 Transportation Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 600 90047 90048 90043 90050 Shopping Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,600 90047 90048 90043 90050 Entertainment Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 50 90047 90048 90043 90050 Phone expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 85 90047 90048 90043 90050 Repayments 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 250 90047 90048 90043 90050 Gym membership 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 120 90047 90048 90043 90050 Incidentals 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 500 90047 90048 90043 9009 0 90090 90090 90048 90043 90050 90045 Total monthly expenses 90046 90047 90050 90045 RM 90046 90047 90050 90045 6,055 90046 90045 90046 90047 90048 90108 90109 90041 90042 90043 90050 90047 90050 90023 90024 90045 5X 360 ‘Rewards Points for Dining, Departmental Stores & Overseas spend 90046 90025 90274 90024 90045 1X 360 ‘Rewards Points for Other spend 90046 90025 90274 90024 90045 ZERO Annual Fee, FREE for life 90046 90025 90274 90036 90047 90050 90047 90048 90108 90109 90017 The Income Statement 90018 90007 90008 90007 Alright, now we are getting somewhere! With both the income and expense section done, Aiman ​​can start to assemble the complete income statement, by combining the two sections and calculating his net result for the month of January, by subtracting his total monthly expenses from his total monthly income.90008 90041 90042 90043 90044 90045 Income Statement — January 90046 90047 90048 90043 90044 90045 Income in January 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Monthly Salary 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 2,667 90047 90048 90043 90050 Sales Commissions 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,500 90047 90048 90043 90050 Travel Allowance 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 600 90047 90048 90043 90050 Monthly Bonus 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 222 90047 90048 90043 90050 Monthly Dividends 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 13 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90048 90043 90050 Total monthly income 90047 90050 90045 RM 90046 90047 90050 90045 5,002 90046 90047 90048 90043 90044 90045 Expenses in January 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Food / Groceries Expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,300 90047 90048 90043 90050 Rent Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,500 90047 90048 90043 90050 Insurance Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 50 90047 90048 90043 90050 Transport ation Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 600 90047 90048 90043 90050 Shopping Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,600 90047 90048 90043 90050 Entertainment Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 50 90047 90048 90043 90050 Phone expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 85 90047 90048 90043 90050 Repayments 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 250 90047 90048 90043 90050 Gym membership 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 120 90047 90048 90043 90050 Incidentals 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 500 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90048 90043 90050 Total monthly expenses 90047 90050 90045 RM 90046 90047 90050 90045 6,055 90046 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90048 90043 90050 90045 Net Result 90046 90047 90050 90045 RM 90046 90047 90050 90045 -1,053 90046 90047 90048 90108 90109 90007 The Income Statement gives you a straightforward overview of the monthly, quarterly or annual income and expenses.If you want to use an Income Statement, the best way is to do it is monthly, and at the end of the year combine all your monthly statements to produce your Annual Income Statement. 90008 90007 Once you have assembled all three parts of the income statements, do not think you’re done! To really get some insight into your spending trends, you can calculate each expense as a percentage of your total income. 90008 90007 By looking at your expenses as a percentage of your income, you have a handy number that you can compare across months, and you can see how your expenses behave relative to your income.This is especially useful if your monthly income varies month-to-month. You can also use this percentage to predict expenses in future months. For this to work, the expense has to have a strong correlation with your income. 90008 90007 This is a professional way to look at your expenses and is commonly referred to as the ‘percent of sales method’. Well, since you’re not selling anything, you can just write ‘percent of income’ in your spreadsheet. 90008 90041 90042 90043 90504 90045 Expenses as a percentage of income 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Total monthly income 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 5,002 90047 90050 90045 100% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 90045 Expenses in January 90046 90047 90050 90045 90046 90047 90050 90045 90046 90047 90050 90045 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 90045 90046 90047 90050 90045 90046 90047 90050 90045 90046 90047 90050 90045 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Food / Groceries Expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,300 90047 90050 90045 26% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Rent Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,500 90047 90050 90045 30% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Insurance Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 50 90047 90050 90045 1% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Transportation Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 600 90047 90050 90045 12% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Shopping Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 1,600 9 0047 90050 90045 32% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Entertainment Expense 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 50 90047 90050 90045 1% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Phone expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 85 90047 90050 90045 2% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Repayments 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 250 90047 90050 90045 5% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Gym membership 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 120 90047 90050 90045 2% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Incidentals 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 500 90047 90050 90045 10% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90050 90045 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Total monthly expenses 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 6,055 90047 90050 90045 121% 90046 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90050 90045 90046 90047 90048 90043 90090 90090 90090 90050 90045 90046 90047 90048 90043 90050 Net Result 90047 90050 RM 90047 90050 -1,053 90047 90050 90045 -21% 90046 90047 90048 90108 90109 900 07 From here, Aiman ​​can draw some well-supported conclusions.90008 90023 90024 Aiman’s net result for the month is negative, which means that Aiman ​​has lived beyond his means in January. For every RM1 of income, he spends RM1.21. If Aiman ​​were to maintain this spending pattern, he would quickly run out of savings or he would have to go into debt. 90025 90024 32% of his income went to shopping expenses, which is disproportionately high. He should have a serious conversation with his girlfriend about her credit card use! 90025 90036 90007 Living with a negative net result is probably more common than you think, you might not even realise that you are until you construct your own personal Income Statement.There are several financial products and services that could allow you to maintain a negative net result for extended periods of time, (personal loans, credit cards, etc.) but this is generally not a good idea. If you have a negative net result, your first choice should always be to cut down on your spending. 90008 90007 We hope that this guide has given you some insight as to how you can personally use an income statement to get a better handle on your finances. In the next part of this series, we will take a look at your assets and liabilities through an in-depth guide to your personal balance sheet.90008 90017 90045 Download the Personal Income Statement Template 90046 90018 90007 To help get you started, use our downloadable Personal Income Statement template and key in your income and expenses! The sheet will auto-calculate your net income and help get you on your way to budgeting your finances. Download here. 90008 90017 Infographic: Are You Living Beyond Your Means? 90018 90007 90008 90007 90008 90007 90045 About the writer 90046 90008 90007 Jesse is a Guest Writer at CompareHero.my. A business student with a passion for finance and football, he is interested in new cultures and stepping out of his comfort zone. 90008 90007 90761 CompareHero.my strives to empower Malaysians with financial literacy and the tools to make better financial decisions in life. Find and compare the best credit cards, and personal loans on CompareHero.my today. 90762 90008 90002 90002 90004 90004 90002 90007 Tags: budgeting tips, lifestyle 90008.